![]() It has been difficult to predict when and where arbovirus outbreaks or epidemics will appear, but several environmental factors increase the probability of human infections. This article focuses exclusively on arbovirus-induced CNS disease, with an emphasis on those agents important and endemic in North America. Symptomatic disease generally results in one of three syndromes: (1) a self-limited flu- or dengue-like illness, (2) hemorrhagic fever, or (3) CNS disease. In the majority of cases, human infection by arboviruses results in an asymptomatic infection associated with seroconversion, and such cases typically vastly outnumber cases of neuroinvasive disease by 100–1000:1. Antibodies to these proteins form the basis for host immunity and serological diagnosis of infections. In the case of the Reoviridae, these proteins are part of the virion’s outer protein shell. All arboviruses, except those belonging to the family Reoviridae, possess a lipid envelope derived from host cells in which several envelope or membrane proteins are inserted and play an essential role in viral attachment and cell entry. Bunyaviridae are enveloped spherical viruses whose genome consists of 3 linear minus–sense (−) ssRNA segments of ~11 kb, and Reoviridae are non-enveloped icosahedral shaped viruses that can contain up to 12 double-stranded linear RNA segments totaling 19–32kb. Alphaviruses and flaviviruses are enveloped spherical viruses whose genome consists of positive-sense (+), single stranded (ss) RNA molecule of 10–12 kb. Dinosaur Jr.All arboviruses are small spherical RNA viruses ranging in size from 40–50 nm for Togaviridae and Flaviviridae to 80–120 nm for Bunyaviridae.The book's release was timed with a gallery retrospective of the duo's photos from the early 1980s to the early 1990s entitled "We Survived The Pit" at Track 16 Gallery in Santa Monica, just mere blocks away from where Markey and Schwartz grew up. In October 2012, he became a published author as Bazillion Points released the critically acclaimed hard bound book We Got Power: Hardcore Punk Scenes From 1980's Southern California consisting primarily of the photographic work of Markey and his longtime collaborator Jordan Schwartz. He played a bouncer in the 2007 film What We Do Is Secret He is also seen as an uncredited extra in Penelope Spheeris 1983 film Suburbia and the 1984 film Girls Just Want To Have Fun. His 2008 documentary The Reinactors was included in international film festivals in Argentina, England, Scotland, Sweden, Switzerland, Denmark, Portugal, Angola, China, Korea, Italy and The Netherlands.ĭavid Markey has appeared in the documentary films American Hardcore, We Jam Econo and was interviewed for the 20th Century Fox re-release of Russ Meyer's Beyond The Valley Of The Dolls Special Edition DVD in 2006. ![]() Theatrical screenings of his work have taken place in Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco, Seattle, Toronto and elsewhere. #DAVED MARKLY OF CALIF AND MAINE PLUS#In 2011 Universal Music Group re-released the film in the DVD format with an hour plus of bonus material produced by Markey. Markey's work has since been exhibited internationally, including theatrical release in the US and Canada of 1991: The Year Punk Broke, followed by a VHS release by the David Geffen Company. These films were distributed underground and critically well-received, putting Markey on the cinematic punk map before he was of legal age. Following closely behind was Desperate Teenage Lovedolls (1984) and its 1986 sequel Lovedolls Superstar. #DAVED MARKLY OF CALIF AND MAINE MOVIE#He also started We Got Power fanzine in 1981 along with Jordan Schwartz, spawning Markey's cinematic Super-8 cult punk scene document The Slog Movie in 1982. Markey was driven to form his own band, SIN 34, in 1981 as well as Painted Willie in 1984. He soon discovered the burgeoning LA punk scene a few years hence through bands like X, Black Flag, and Redd Kross in 1980. ![]() Markey made his first film in 1974 at the age of 11 with his father's hand-wound 8mm Brownie camera, cast from the children of his Santa Monica, California neighborhood. Markey has worked with Sonic Youth, Nirvana, Dinosaur Jr, Mudhoney, Redd Kross, Bob Mould, Circle Jerks, The Ramones, Black Flag and the Meat Puppets. ![]() His work is also noted as documenting the punk scene in Southern California throughout the 1980s, growing to find a larger audience in the 1990s while continuing to produce work throughout the 2000s and 2010s. As a self-taught filmmaker and musician, David Markey directed, produced, edited, and photographed most of his films, the majority of which have been self-funded. ![]()
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